GREENHOUSE TYPE BASED ON COVERING MATERIALS
Covering materials
are the major
and important component
of the greenhouse
structure. Covering materials have direct influence on the greenhouse
effect inside the structure and they alter the air temperature inside the
house. The types of frames and method of fixing also varies with the covering
material. Based on the type of covering
materials, the greenhouses are classified as glass, plastic film and rigid
panel greenhouses.
Glass greenhouses
Only glass greenhouses
with glass as the covering material existed prior to 1950. Glass as covering material has the advantage
of greater interior light intensity.
These greenhouses have higher air infiltration rate which leads to lower
interior humidity and better disease prevention. Lean-to type, even span, ridge and furrow
type of designs are used for construction of glass greenhouse.
Figure: Glass greenhouse
Plastic film greenhouses
Flexible plastic films
including polyethylene, polyester and polyvinyl chloride are used as covering
material in this type of greenhouses.
Plastics as covering material for greenhouses have become popular, as
they are cheap and the cost of heating is less when compared to glass
greenhouses. The main disadvantage with plastic films is its short life. For example, the best quality ultraviolet
(UV) stabilized film can last for four years only. Quonset design as well as gutter-connected
design is suitable for using this covering material.
Figure: Plastic film greenhouse
Rigid panel greenhouses
Polyvinyl chloride rigid
panels, fibre glass-reinforced plastic, acrylic and polycarbonate rigid panels
are employed as the covering material in the quonset type frames or ridge and
furrow type frame. This material is more resistant to breakage and the light
intensity is uniform throughout the greenhouse when compared to glass or
plastic. High grade panels have long life even up to 20 years. The main
disadvantage is that these panels tend to collect dust as well as to 5 harbor algae, which results in darkening of
the panels and subsequent reduction in the light transmission. There is
significant danger of fire hazard.
Figure: Rigid panel greenhouse
Shading nets
There are a great number
of types and varieties of plants that grow naturally in the most diverse
climate conditions that have been transferred by modern agriculture from their
natural habitats to controlled crop conditions. Therefore, conditions similar
to the natural ones must be created for each type and variety of plant. Each
type of cultivated plant must be given the specific type of shade required for
the diverse phases of its development. The shading nets fulfill the task of
giving appropriate micro-climate conditions to the plants.
Shade nettings are
designed to protect the crops and plants from UV radiation, but they also
provide protection from climate conditions, such as temperature variation,
intensive rain and winds. Better growth conditions can be achieved for the crop
due to the controlled micro-climate conditions “created” in the covered area,
with shade netting, which results in higher crop yields. All nettings are UV
stabilized to fulfill expected lifetime at the area of exposure. They are
characterized of high tear resistance, low weight for easy and quick
installation with a 30-90% shade value range. A wide range of shading nets are
available in the market which are defined on the basis of the percentage of
shade they deliver to the plant growing under them.
very informative post .Thanks for sharing post
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